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APA Citation Style 6th Edition

This guide will help you cite sources in APA Citation Style 6th Edition.

Book (p. 203)

Numbers in parentheses refer to specific pages in the APA 6th Edition manual.

General Format

In-Text Citation (Quotation):

(Author Surname, Year, page number)

In-Text Citation (Paraphrase): APA does not require the page number, check with your instructor for preference.

(Author Surname, Year)

References:

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Book title: Subtitle. Place of Publication: Publisher.

Example

In-Text Citation (Quotation):

(Franks, 2005, p. 148)

In-Text Citation (Paraphrase): APA does not require the page number, check with your instructor for preference.

(Franks, 2005)

References:

Franks, A. (2005). Margaret Sanger's eugenic legacy: The control of female fertility. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company.

Numbers in parentheses refer to specific pages in the APA 6th Edition manual.

General Format

In-Text Citation (Quotation):

(Author Surname, Author Surname, & Author Surname, Year, page number)     Tip: For the first time you cite this source.

(Author Surname et al., Year, page number)     Tip: For any subsequent citations.

 

In-Text Citation (Paraphrase): APA does not require the page number, check with your instructor for preference.

(Author Surname, Author Surname, & Author Surname, Year)     Tip: For the first time you cite this source.

(Author Surname et al., Year)     Tip: For any subsequent citations

References:

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Book title: Subtitle. Place of Publication: Publisher.

Example

In-Text Citation (Quotation):

(Greig, Taylor, & MacKay, 2013, p. 63)     Tip: For the first time you cite this source.

(Greig et al., 2013, p. 63)     Tip: For any subsequent citations.

 

In-Text Citation (Paraphrase): APA does not require the page number, check with your instructor for preference.

(Greig, Taylor, & MacKay, 2013)     Tip: For the first time you cite this source.

(Greig et al., 2013)     Tip: For any subsequent citations

References:

Greig, A., Taylor, J., & MacKay, T. (2013). Doing research with children: A practical guide. London, England: Sage.

Chapter in an Edited Book (pp. 202-203)

Numbers in parentheses refer to specific pages in the APA 6th Edition manual.

General Format

In-Text Citation (Quotation):

(Author Surname, Year, page number)

In-Text Citation (Paraphrase): APA does not require the page number, check with your instructor for preference.

(Author Surname, Year)

References:

Author Surname, First Initial. (Year). Title of chapter. In Editor First Initial, Surname, Editor First Initial, Surname, & Editor First Initial, Surname (Eds.), Book title: Subtitle (Page range). Place of Publication: Publisher.

Example: Chapter in an Edited Book

In-Text Citation (Quotation):

(Stewart, 2007, p. 102)

In-Text Citation (Paraphrase): APA does not require the page number, check with your instructor for preference.

(Stewart, 2007)

References:

Stewart, B. (2007). Wag of the tail: Reflecting on pet ownership. In J. Jaimeson, T. Bannerman, & S. Wong (Eds.), Enriching our lives with animals (pp. 97-105). Toronto, Canada: Petlove Press.

Example: Chapter in an Edited Book with Canadian and American Editors

In-Text

(Stewart, 2007)

References

Stewart, B. (2007). Wag of the tail: Reflecting on pet ownership. In J. Jaimeson, T. Bannerman, & S. Wong (Eds.), & S. Macnaughton, Y. Phillips, C. Ratcliffe, & T. Vuori (Cdn. Eds.), Enriching our lives with animals (2nd Cdn. ed., pp. 97-105). Toronto, Canada: Petlove Press.

Example: Adapted Chapter in an Edited Book with Canadian and American Editors

In this example, Malick is the chapter's original author and Sanchez adapted the chapter for a Canadian context. 

In-Text

(Malick, 2010)

References

Malick, L. B. (2010). Fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base imbalances (O. Sanchez, Cdn. Adapt.). In S. L. Lewis, M. M. Heitkemper, S. R. Dirksen, L. Bucher & P. G. O’Brien (Eds.), & M. A. Barry, S. Goldsworthy & D. Goodridge (Cdn. Eds.), Medical-surgical nursing in Canada: Assessment and management of clinical problems (2nd Cdn. ed., pp. 362-391). Toronto, Canada: Elsevier Canada.

E-Book (p. 203)

Numbers in parentheses refer to specific pages in the APA 6th Edition manual.

General Format

In-Text Citation (Quotation):

(Author Surname, Year, page number)

In-Text Citation (Paraphrase): APA does not require the page number, check with your instructor for preference.

(Author Surname, Year)

References:

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Book title: Subtitle [Version]. doi:xx.xxxxxxxxx OR Retrieved from URL of the home page of the e-book provider.

Example

In-Text Citation (Quotation):

(Ochs, 2004, p. 55)

In-Text Citation (Paraphrase): APA does not require the page number, check with your instructor for preference.

(Ochs, 2004)

References:

Ochs, S. (2004). A history of nerve functions: From animal spirits to molecular mechanisms [ebrary Reader version]. Retrieved from http://www.ebrary.com/corp/

Government Publication (p. 205)

Numbers in parentheses refer to specific pages in the APA 6th Edition manual.

APA Citation Style does not have a separate category for government publications.  According to APA, government documents can be considered Books, Technical/Research Reports or Brochures.

General Format

In-Text Citation (Quotation):

(Author Surname OR Name of Government Organization, Year, page number)

In-Text Citation (Paraphrase): APA does not require the page number, check with your instructor for preference.

(Author Surname OR Name of Government Organization, Year)

References:

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. OR Government Name. Name of Government Agency. (Year). Title: Subtitle (Report No. xxx [if available]). Place of Publication: Publisher.

Examples

In-Text Citation (Quotation):

(Edwards, Sims-Jones, Hotz, & Cushman, 1997, p. 2)

In-Text Citation (Paraphrase): APA does not require the page number, check with your instructor for preference.

(Edwards, Sims-Jones, Hotz, & Cushman, 1997)

References:

Edwards, N., Sims-Jones, N., Hotz, S., & Cushman, R. (1997). Development and testing components of a multifaceted intervention program to reduce the incidence of smoking relapse during pregnancy and post-partum of both women and their partners. Report prepared for Health Canada at the Community Health Research Unit, University of Ottawa, Canada.

In-Text Citation (Quotation):

(Ontario Ministry of Health, 1994, p. 7)

In-Text Citation (Paraphrase): APA does not require the page number, check with your instructor for preference.

(Ontario Ministry of Health, 1994)

References:

Ontario Ministry of Health. (1994). Selected findings from the mental health supplement of the Ontario Health Survey. Toronto, Canada: Queen's Printer for Ontario.

Tips:

  • If a person is named on the title page, use her or him as author.
  • If no person is named as an author, use the government agency, department, or branch as a group author (Ex. 31, p.205). Give the name of the group author exactly as it appears on the title page. If the branch or agency is not well known, include its higher department first.
  • If the group author is also the publisher, simply use the word Author after the location (p. 203), rather than repeating the name of the government agency.
  • If there is a series or report number, include it after the title (p. 205).
  • The APA manual refers to the GPO (U.S. Government Printing Office). Canadian equivalents may be: Queen’s Printer, Ministry of Supply and Services, Canadian Government Publishing, etc.